Resumen

ALEMAN MONDEJA, Linet  y  GUANCHE GARCELL, Humberto. Etiología de la infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes egresados del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Joaquín Albarrán" Enero a marzo del 2000. Rev Cubana Cir [online]. 2001, vol.40, n.4, pp.291-296. ISSN 0034-7493.

It is reported that surgical site infections (SSI) are frequent forms of nosocomial infections, which are originated by multiple germs (bacteria, viruses, fungi). It is intended to show the etiology of SSI among patients attended at "Joaquin Albarrán" Clinical and Surgical Hospital from January to March, 2000, when it was observed an increase of these infections. A study of a series of SSI cases reported by the local surveillance system of nosocomial infections was conducted. Their general characteristics, the surgical procedures performed and the causes of infection were obtained from this study. 31 patients underwent microbiological studies and 61 isolations of germs. 9.6 % of them died and 61.9 % had to be reoperated due to surgical complicatons. The most frequent risk factors in these patients were aging (42.8 %) smoking (47.6 %), and anaemia and alcoholism in 19 % of the cases, respectively. The most detected germs were: Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.2 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.3 %), Escherichia coli (19.7 %), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (9.8 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (8.2 %). All of them showed elevated levels of resistance to the available antibiotics. It was proved that the reported cases were patients at high risk for having SSI and that these infections were basically produced by Gram-negative germs multiresistant to antibiotics. It is required a preoperative evaluation of the risk for acquiring SSI and the implementation of measures of prevention and control of proven efficacy for these infections.

Palabras clave : CROSS INFECTION [etiology]; RISK FACTORS; SURGERY DEPARTMENT, HOSPITAL; DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL; SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION [etiology]; SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION [prevention & control].

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