Abstract

MEDEROS CURBELO, Orestes Noel et al. Morbidity of mediastinum surgical affections. Rev Cubana Cir [online]. 2011, vol.50, n.4, pp.451-461. ISSN 0034-7493.

Introduction: the surgical affections of mediastinum are a controversial topic due to the variety of its clinical manifestations, involvement of surrounding structures and the complexity of surgical interventions to be carried out. Objectives: to show the experiences acquired by the "Commandant Manuel Fajardo" University Hospital in relation to the care of these affections. Methods: a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive and case-series type study was conducted in all patients seen due to surgical affections of mediastinum, ruled out the esophageal tumors, hiatal hernias and endothoracic extensions of thyroid gland. Results: the more involved location was the middle mediastinum. The more frequent anterior mediastinal disease was the real endothoracic goiter; in the middle, the acute and chronic pericardial leakage with myocardium compression and in the posterior one, the neurogenic tumors, the eventrations and the chronic traumatic diaphragmatic hernias. The more used routes of surgical approach were the left anterior thoracotomy, the middle sternotomy, the posterolateral thoratocomy and the vertical thoracotomy, in that order. The more frequent complications were the cardiac arrhythmia, the tension instability and the respiratory inflammatory processes. Conclusions: the more frequent mediastinal affections were located in the middle, posterior and anterior mediastinum. The exeresis of tumors and the resections of pericardium were the more carried out interventions and the more represented complications were the cardiovascular and respiratory ones.

Keywords : mediastinum; tumors; leakages.

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