Introduction:

Surveillance of the surgical site infection in frequent surgical procedures is essential for its prevention.

Objective:

To determine the incidence of surgical site infection and the fulfillment of prevention practices in appendicectomy and hernial surgery.

Method:

Descriptive study of patients operated on by these procedures from January 2017 to March 2018 in “Joaquin Albarran” clinical, surgical and university hospital in Havana, Cuba. Data on demographic characteristics of patients, the types of procedures and the CPP (antibiotic prophylaxis, normoglycemia, normothermia and hair removal) were collected. The use of surveillance techniques during hospitalization and after discharge allowed identifying the patients with surgical site infection. The total surgical site infection rate and the risk index (per 100 surgical procedures) for each procedure and the CPP per 100 surgical procedures were all estimated.

Results:

One hundred and seventy-four patients with appendicectomy and 389 with hernial surgery were evaluated and their infection rates were 13.8% and 5.7%, respectively. The compliance with the time of administration of prophylactic antibiotic, selection and dosage, and discontinuation of treatment were 53.3%, 83.3% and 80%, respectively in appendicectomy where those of hernial surgery were 46.3%,72.9 and 63%, respectively. Normothermia was reached in 32.4% and 27.1% of cases. Most of the patients with surgical site infection were diagnosed by using the surveillance methods after discharge from hospital.

Conclusions:

The incidence of the surgical site infection and gaps in the fulfillment of prevention practices has been identified, which require corrective actions including strengthening of the surveillance system and professional training.

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