Introduction:

Surgical treatment has evolved from bilateral open neck exploration to minimally invasive surgery. Currently, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism is the technique of choice.

Objective:

To describe the outcomes of surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism with the use of the intraoperative gamma probe.

Methods:

A descriptive and longitudinal study of case series was carried out. The sample consisted of 29 patients who received radioguided surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism at Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical-Surgical Hospital between March 2007 and December 2014.

Results:

Of the 29 patients, 21 did not present associated thyroid disease. Their median age was 52 years. They were predominantly female (80.9%). Kidney disease was the most frequent symptom (52.4%). Parathyroid adenoma was the anatomopathological diagnosis with the highest percentage value (85.7%). 38.1% presented postoperative complications and transient hypocalcemia accounted for 28.6%. The mean for postoperative stay was 3.37 days and for healing was 90.5%. In the eight patients with associated thyroid disease, the mean age was 58 years, and there was predominance of the female sex (62.5%). Joint pain and fatigue, accounting for 50%, prevailed as previous symptoms; while parathyroid adenoma, accounting for 62.5%, prevailed as anatomopathological diagnosis. Complications were present in 37.5% and the most frequent was transient hypocalcemia (25.0%). Healing accounted for 62.5% and the mean postoperative stay was 2.47 days.

Conclusions:

The results obtained show the usefulness of radioguided surgery in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism.

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