Resumen

LAGUMERSINDEZ DENIS, Nielsen; OVIEDO GALVEZ, Maite Elisa  y  MARTINEZ SANCHEZ, Gregorio. Multiple sclerosis: general features and pharmacologic approach. Rev Cubana Farm [online]. 2009, vol.43, n.2, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-2988.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune, inflammatory and desmyelinization disease of central nervous system (CNS) of unknown etiology and critical evolution. There are different etiological hypotheses talking of a close interrelation among predisposing genetic factors and dissimilar environmental factors, able to give raise to autoimmune response at central nervous system level. Hypothesis of autoimmune pathogeny is based on study of experimental models, and findings in biopsies of affected patients by disease. Accumulative data report that the oxidative stress plays a main role in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Oxygen reactive species generated by macrophages has been involved as mediators of demyelinization and of axon damage, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and strictly in multiple sclerosis. Disease diagnosis is difficult because of there is not a confirmatory unique test. Management of it covers the treatment of acute relapses, disease modification, and symptoms management. These features require an individualized approach, base on evolution of this affection, and tolerability of treatments. In addition to diet, among non-pharmacologic treatments for multiple sclerosis it is recommended physical therapy. Besides, some clinical assays have been performed in which we used natural extracts, nutrition supplements, and other agents with promising results. Pharmacology allowed neurologists with a broad array of proved effectiveness drugs; however, results of research laboratories in past years make probable that therapeutical possibilities increase notably in future.

Palabras clave : Multiple sclerosis; autoimmune disease; demyelinization.

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