Abstract

MIR NARBONA, Ioanna; GUANCHE GARCELL, Humberto; PISONERO SOCIAS, Juan J  and  GUTIERREZ GARCIA, Francisco. Factors related to the use of several antibiotics in clinical patients. Rev Cubana Farm [online]. 2012, vol.46, n.4, pp.425-435. ISSN 0034-7515.

Objective: to identify the factors associated to the use of several antibiotics in clinical patients. Methods: a case-control study of patients with infection, who were discharged from the clinical services at "Joaquín Albarrán" hospital from May, 2008 to December 2011. The patient who used three or more antibiotics was considered as a case. The following data was gathered: age, sex, personal pathological history, onset of suggestive symptoms of an infectious process, previous use of antibiotics, vital signs and state of consciousness on admission, results of hematological and blood chemistry studies, chest X-rays, nosocomial infection diagnosis and inadequate use of antimicrobials. The frequencies were compared by means of the homogeneity test, Fisher´s exact test, t and Wilcoxon tests. Logistic regression for the risk factor identifications was also used. Results: ninety two cases and 184 controls were studied. The risk of using several antibiotics rose by 2,68 times per each additional centigrade degree that was found to increase the patient's body temperature(OR= 2.68; IC 95 % 1.21-5.94), by 7 times if the level of consciousness was altered (OR= 7.32; IC 95 % 1.88-28.55), by 3.88 times in patients with nosocomial infections and by 9.98 times when the antimicrobials were inadequately used. Conclusions: the risk factors of the use of several antibiotics can contribute to draw monitoring strategies for the quality of antimicrobial prescription.

Keywords : antimicrobials; therapeutic failure; quality; prescription.

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