Resumen

MIROSLABA DALAS, Guiber; VAZQUEZ VIGOA, Alfredo; FERNANDEZ URIARTE, Yazmina  y  GUERRA BUSTILLO, Guillermo. Behavior of prognostic factors of morbidity and mortality in a hemodialysis unit. Rev cubana med [online]. 2008, vol.47, n.3. ISSN 0034-7523.

A descriptive and retrospective study of 53 patients with diagnosis of chronic renal disease (CRD) treated with hemodialysis at "Salvador Allende" Clinical and Surgical Hospital from January to July 2005, was conducted aimed at characterizing the behavior of the prognostic factors of morbidity and mortality. A database with Visual Fox Pro 8.0 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA) was designed and processed by SPSS 11.5. The death risk ratio was estimated for each comorbidity. The 45-54 and 55-64 age groups were the most affected with 13 cases, respectively. 29 patients were smokers. The most common causes of CRD were diabetes mellitus with 22.64 % and hypertension with 20.75 %. 77.36 % of the patients were less than one year under dialysis. 52.83 % did not have a previous systematic nephrologic follow-up. 60.38 % had no optimal vascular access at the beginning of the treatment and most of the cases (71.7 %) had a Kt/V = 1.2. Half of the cases (50.94 %) presented vascular access with blood flow = 300 mL/min. A deficient nutritional state was observed in a third of the patients. It was found that 50 cases were hypertensive. It was concluded that grade V dialysis dependent CRD is an entity of reserved prognosis, with a lethality of 18.87 % and an important comorbidity that comprises the cardiovascular diseases (49.06 %) and the liver diseases (49.06 %). It was observed an increased death risk in the patients with ischemic heart disease (RR = 1.56), left ventricle hypertrophy (RR = 1.47), heart diseases, including arterial hypertension (RR = 2.45) and hepatopathies (RR = 1.53).

Palabras clave : Prognostic factors; morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis.

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