Introduction:

Currently, there is a lack of studies that relate cardiovascular risk factors with clinical forms of acute coronary syndrome. If these studies happen, it would be possible to develop more targeted and individualized prevention strategies.

Objective:

To identify if there is an association between the clinical forms of acute coronary syndrome and some classic vascular risk factors.

Methods:

A cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out in patients admitted to the coronary care service at “Commandant Manuel Fajardo” Clinical Surgical Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Patients with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome were included. Data were pulled out from medical records. To test the hypothesis, univariate and multivariate models were used. A value of p ˂ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

Three hundred ninety three (393) patients were studied, of which 25.7% were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation and 74.3% with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation. In the first group, the median age of the patients was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Smoking was a predictor variable for ST segment elevation (OR: 3.89; 95% CI: 2.24-6.73, p < 0.001). A history of ischemic heart disease (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.07-0.25; p < 0.001) and arterial hypertension (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0, were inversely related). 20-0.72; p = 0.003).

Conclusions:

It is concluded that smoking is a predictor of acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation, while history of ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension were related to non-ST segment elevation.

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