Resumen

PLEGUEZUELO RODRIGUEZ, Eduardo M. et al. Monitoreo neurointensivo en pediatría (II): Pruebas dinámicas. Rev Cubana Pediatr [online]. 2001, vol.73, n.2, pp.123-130. ISSN 0034-7531.

Severe carnioencephalic trauma (SCET) is still the main cause of death and disability in Pediatrics. It is also the determinant of prognosis in children with multisystemic trauma, producing not only death, but leaving the child in limiting states between life and death as the so-called vegetative states. During the last decades the treatment of these patients has been revolutionized and it has passed from the conventional neurosurgical treatment, which was received at the neurosurgery wards and had a mortality over 70 %, to the neurointensive treatment, which is given at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and is defined by continuous, intensive and invasive neuromonitoring that allow to identify a series of physiopathological phenomena different for each patient and to treat patients in a rational way. This has made possible to reduce mortality to less than 30 %. After more than 5 years of experience with this methodology at the Provincial General Hospital of Camagüey and more than 2 years of its application in the Provincial Pediatric Teaching Hospital, it was decided to describe in detail in this paper the way to monitor the patient, as well as the normal values, clinical usefulnesss and the main pathological deviations of the most important variables in the neurointensive monitoring, such as: intracranial pressure (ICP), hemodynamic and metabolic variables that may be attained with modest resources available in most of our intensive care units. This second paper includes in a very synthesized way a specific number of dynamic tests and monitoring of the cerebral oxygen hemometabolism that can be made during the monitoring of ICP in patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma.

Palabras clave : BRAIN INJURIES; HEAD INJURIES; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; CEREBROVASCULAR CIRCULATION; BRAIN [metabolism]; CHILD; PERFUSION; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC.

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