Resumen

MENA MIRANDA, Vivian R. et al. Reemplazo de volumen: Coloides (II). Rev Cubana Pediatr [online]. 2004, vol.76, n.2. ISSN 0034-7531.

Volume replacement is a milestone in the treatment of patients with absolute hypovolemia. Nowadays, it is suggested the use of synthetic colloids for being safer compared with blood derivatives. There are dextrans with different mollecular weights. Those of low mollecular weight are the most used. At present, many authors do not recommend them due to the rheological complications appearing after their use. The gelatins are other group of synthetic colloids. Gelasufin is the most used now. It is derived from the bovine cartilage, although its indication in Cuba has decreased after the report of the mad cow disease. It lasts at about 4 hours in the vascular bed. Another synthetic colloid is starch, which also has different mollecular weights. That with low mollecular weight is preferably used and it has a few adverse reactions. The adequate volume replacement avoids the phenomenon of hypovolemia associated with reperfussion, so it should be used correctly. The mix of solutions is one of the purposes of the current therapy.

Palabras clave : COLLOIDS; GELATINS; STARCHES; DEXTRANS; VOLUME REPLACEMENT; COLLOIDOSMOTIC PRESSURE; VOLUME EXPANSION.