Resumen

MARTIN BLANCO, Odalys et al. Characterization of newborns with a birth weight under 2000 g. Rev Cubana Pediatr [online]. 2008, vol.80, n.3, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-3119.

INTRODUCTION. Children with low birth weight are 20 times more prone to die and to have a greater morbidity than those with an adequate weight. The objective of this research was to characterize the newborn infants with a weight lower than 2000 g that were born between January 1st, 2005 and December 31st , 2006 in "America Arias" Children Hospital. METHODS: An observational, descriptive, analytic, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out among newborn infants with a birth weight under 2000 g that were born during this period. In the statistical analysis, frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation of weight gain, height, and cephalic and brachial circunferences were used. RESULTS. 96.16 % of the studied patients were born with a birth weight between 1000 and 1999 g. 93.27 % were below the 36.6 weeks of pregnancy, and in 75.96 % of the cases, delivery was dystocic. 61.54 % of the newborn infants had a weight according to its gestational age. There was a predominance of patients with associated risk factors. More than half had an associated morbidity, due mainly to sepsis (25.96 %). 10.58 % of the newborn died. CONCLUSIONS. The main causes of the low weight of newborns were multiple pregnancy and hipertensive disease during gestation. Deaths were lower than expected. In patients with a symmetric retarded intrauaterine growth, weigh gain and height on discharge were significantly higher than in the asymmetric and they proved to be adequate for their gestational age.

Palabras clave : Low weight; risk factors; morbidity; mortality.

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