Resumen

LOPEZ NEGRIN, Yusleivy Milagros  y  ROIG ALVAREZ, Tania. Very early anemia in premature weighing ≤ 1 500 g:: prevalence and associated factors. Rev Cubana Pediatr [online]. 2010, vol.82, n.2. ISSN 0034-7531.

INTRODUCTION. At "Ramón González Coro" Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital the prevalence of the very early anemia of prematurity and factors associated with its appearance has not been studied. Present research was conducted to answer this question mark and to provide the bases to managerial authorities for the design of more effectiveness preventive strategies to reduce this complication and its consequences. METHODS. A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted including all newborn (NB) weighing ≤ 1 500 g delivered before the 37 weeks and seen in the Neonatology Service of this hospital for 2008. Study sample included 25 neonates determining in each the presence or not of a very early anemia, as well as the prevalence of this disease and the associated maternal, perinatal and postnatal factors. RESULTS. The 52% of neonates (13/25) had a very early anemia. A low maternal hemoglobin was not associated with this type of anemia (RP 0,62; 95% CI 0,21-1,80). No perinatal variable was associated with the above anemia, although we found that the prevalence of this disease decrease according the increase in gestational age at birth (linear trend: X² 4,33; gl 1; p 0,037). The newborns with any severe morbidity had 2,44 times more chance to have a very early anemia (RP 2,44; 95% CI 1,01-5,87). The prevalence of this type of anemia increased according the increase of milliliters by kg/w of blood extracted (linear trend: X² 7,6195; gl 1; p 0,0058). The newborn with blood extractions between 5 and 10 mL/kg and > 10 mL/kg had 5,3 and 4,5 times more chance to have anemia (R 5,33; 95% CI 1,4739-19,2988 and RP4,5; 95% CI 1,1254-17,9930, respectively). CONCLUSIONS. More or less the half of cases had a very early anemia and the independent factors associated with its appearance were the presence of a severe disease and to total volume of blood extracted.

Palabras clave : Prematurity anemia; very early anemia; phlebotomies; anemia.

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