Introduction:

Hematuria is the most frequent clinical finding among genitourinary diseases afterwards urinary tract infection at any age.

Objective:

To identify general characteristics and etiology of monosymptomatic hematuria in in pediatrics patients.

Methods:

Descriptive, longitudinal and prospective research of the patients by monosymptomatic hematuria attended at the Nephrology service in “William Soler” Teaching Pediatric Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015.

Results:

45 patients were recruited. Schoolchildren (40 %) were predominant and adolescents (40 %), and males (55.5 %). It was collected personal or familial records of hematuria in 44.5 % and 55.5 %, respectively. Familial urolithiasis was present in 37.7 %. The most common type of hematuria was the macroscopic (75.8 %), non-glomerular (71.2 %), without proteinuria (77.8 %) and with eumorphic hematies (62.2 %). The most frequent etiological cause was idiopathic hypercalciuria (51.1 %), and 80 % of all patients only received hygiene-dietetic treatment. In the 20 % of the patients was not possible to determine the etiological cause.

Conclusions:

The most frequent cause of hematuria was non-glomerular (idiopathic hypercalciuria); and in those patients with hematuria of non-precised etiological cause, it is mandatory to keep long-term follow-up.

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