Introduction:

Tetralogy of Fallot is a pulmonary infundibulum stenosis, dextroposition of the aorta so that it rides on the ventricular septal defect and right ventricular hypertrophy, it is one of the most frequent congenital malformations with an incidence of 0.1/1000 live births. It can present associations with other cardiovascular and systemic malformations. When a fifth structural cardiac abnormality is added, it is called Pentalogy of Fallot.

Objective:

To describe a low prevalence congenital heart disease in clinical practice.

Case report:

This is the case of a 12 years old male patient, black skinned, with no family or personal history of heart disease, who is broght to the emergency room, by his mother, with polypnea, generalized peripheral cyanosis, hippocratic nails. He was placed in the genupectoral position and was medicated with propranolol. His condition was controlled. Echocardiogram study diagnosed he was having a Pentalogy of Fallot which was verified by cardiac magnetic resonance. Then, the child was transferred to Girasol Clinic for his surgical intervention, performed out 48 hours after his arrival. The surgery resulted satisfactory. It is possible to diagnose this disease during fetal life, in our case it was later, which is uncommon in the clinical practice.

Conclusions:

Early detection through cardiac magnetic resonance in this case and timely surgical treatment, allowed the survival of this adolescent with the diagnosis of pentalogy of Fallot.

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