Introduction:

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection caused by various fungal microorganisms of Mucorales. It is rare, but it has high mortality rate. It mainly affects people with immunodeficiency or associated conditions. There are few reports in patients without traditional risk factors. The predisposing causes in pediatric age are unknown.

Objective:

To report a pediatric case of gastroesophageal mucormycosis without immunodeficiency or predisposing factors.

Case report:

A 6-year-old patient presented with abdominal pain. Ultrasound showed a 9 mm increase in the thickness of the gastric wall, with decrease in the lumen of the pyloric canal and 22 mm thickening of the esophagus. Lymphoma was suspected. An endoscopy was performed, with gastric and esophageal biopsy, which revealed abundant colonies and hyphae of Mucor. Gastroesophageal mucormycosis was diagnosed. Treatment with amphotericin B was indicated, followed by itraconazole, and the patient completed 8 months of therapy until discharge.

Conclusions:

This was a rare case of digestive mucormycosis, difficult to diagnose, without immunodeficiency or underlying diseases, which responded favorably to medical therapy.