Resumen

FERRER CASERO, Eduardo A. et al. Teratogenic effects of carbamazepine. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2001, vol.27, n.3, pp.241-246. ISSN 0138-600X.

A perspective epidemiological study on the teratogenic effects of carbamazepine was carried out in the Neurology and Neurosurgery Department of “Vladimir Ilich Lenin” provincial hospital in Holguín from 1992 to 1998. Epileptic pregnant women treated with monotherapy or combined therapy were selected for the study. Also a control group of non-epileptic pregnant women from the clinical teratology service of the provincial center of genetics participated in it. It was demonstrated that all the pregnant women received periconceptional treatment at a dose of 1 mg of folic acid per day and further follow-up with 5 mg up to the 20th week of gestation when they continued to receive prenatal vitamin supplement. It was found that the reproductive quality was negative in the previous obstetric history of these women because of a high rate of induced abortions, miscarriages, incidence of rivanol in pregnancy terminations because of congenital malformations and late fetal mortality. In the studied pregnancies, rates of 7.4% for miscarriages under both therapeutical regimes and of 3,7% for pregnancy terminations by the rivanol method due to congenital malformations were recorded. The malformations were complex congenital cardiopathies. There was no late fetal death. The control group did not present gestational failures. Somatometry at birth was within standard limits, but the head circunference reached 32,6 cm in the neonates of the group of women under combined therapy. Carbamazepine administered in monotherapy or combined therapy had the same teratogenic expression, caused miscarriages and complex congenital cardiopathies whereas when it was administred in combined therapy, it affected the development of head circunference and in lesser extent, the weight and size figures.

Palabras clave : CARBAMAZEPINE [adverse effects]; CARBAMAZEPINE [/therapeutic use]; EPILEPSY [drug therapy]; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS; ABNORMALITIES; DRUG- INDUCED; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION.

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