Resumen

VALDES AMADOR, Lemay et al. The pregnant diabetic adolescent. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2011, vol.37, n.2, pp.172-181. ISSN 0138-600X.

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy in adolescence has been associated with adverse health problems. OBJECTIVE: To identify the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in adolescents presenting with diabetes. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 138 adolescent pregnant patients (< 20 years) with diabetes. From them, 101 were pregestional diabetics (B2, C64, D30, F1, R3 and F-R 1 of Priscilla White) and 37 gestational diabetics (A1 24, A2 8 and A3-5 of Freinkel and Metzger). The maternal and perinatal results were compared to that of 242 non-diabetic adolescents and 482 non-adolescents pregnant and non-diabetics from the same institution at random. For variables' analysis the Fisher X2 test was used and Z for the ratios with a statistical significance of p< 0.05. RESULTS: The level of metabolic control was qualified as "non-optimal" in the 42.0 % of the diabetics which may be contributed to the significant greater frequency of pre-term labor, morbidity and mortality and of newborns weighing = o > 4 000 g, it was probably the responsible of the greater frequency of cesarean section. The frequency of the eleven congenital malformations (8.0 % was higher than the reported in our country for the general population and even for pregnants and to the non-attendance to pre-conception control consultation. CONCLUSION: The adverse perinatal results in diabetic adolescents could be in relation, according our results, to hyperglycemia of difficult control in these pregnants and to non-attendance to preconception control consultation.

Palabras clave : Pregnancy; diabetes; adolescence.

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