Abstract

LOPEZ TAGLE, Daimilé et al. Vulnerability in the prediction of epidemic conglomerates of viral hepatitis in closed institutions. Rev Cub Med Mil [online]. 2008, vol.37, n.3. ISSN 0138-6557.

An analytical prospective and observational study was conducted in closed institutions of Havana City during an epidemic outbreak of acute viral hepatitis from March 2005 to January 2006. The data source was obtained from the surveillance system of the Hygiene and Epidemiology Territorial Unit. In the epidemic conglomerates, it was estimated the vulnerability rate as a probable expression of risk and it was also verified its correspondence with the morbidity impact. Risk indicators were calculated, which showed that group 1 had the greatest number of vulnerable factor and, hence, the highest expected rate with 8.05 per 1 000 inhabitants. The factor representing more risks for acquiring acute viral hepatitis were the poor quality of water (90 %), an insufficient water supply, and the inadequate health facilities for hand washing (88 %). On the other hand, Arroyo Naranjo municipality had a relative risk of 2.75, beign the area with the greatest impact of environmental risks. It was found a relationship between vulnerable factors and morbidity from acute viral hepatitis, since the units with the greatest accumulation of factors presented the highest rates. In general, there were no significant differences between the observed and the expected rates. It was proved the importance of the quality of water, of the health facilities for hand washing, and of an adequate water supply, among others, to prevent acute viral hepatitis, since these factors are a big risk for acquiring this disease.

Keywords : Acute viral hepatitis; epidemic outbreaks; risk factor; health inequality.