Resumen

GARCIA GARCIA, Gerardo Luis; GARCIA CEBALLOS, Erlinda; MELIS SUAREZ, Aneite  y  CABANA SALAZAR, José Antonio. Continuous brachial plexus block in immediate postoperative. Rev Cub Med Mil [online]. 2014, vol.43, n.2, pp. 148-156. ISSN 0138-6557.

Objective: to evaluate the immediate postoperative period in surgical patients with traumatic injuries of the upper limb who have undertaken two methods of anesthesia-analgesia. Methods: 240 patients were studied, all ASA I-II-III according to the classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists for physical state. They were divided into two equal groups. Group G had general endotracheal anesthesia and analgesia with fentanyl plus dipyrone 1.2 g IM every 6 h, and group B who had regional anesthesia techniques for continuous brachial plexus block with 100 mg of bupivacaine and regional analgesia with equal local anesthetic every 6 h. Results: respiratory complications occurred only in group G (p= 0.01), cardiovascular complications were observed 5.3 times more in G group (p= 0.000). Nausea and vomiting were expressed in more than half of patients (55 %) in group G and only in six (5 %) from group B (p= 0.000). Urine retention and oliguria were observed in three and four patients respectively, all male from group G (p= 0.000). Hyperglycemia tendency appeared in group G in 27 patients (22.5 %) and in only five (4.2 %) from group B (p= 0.000). Discomfort by manipulating the upper airway occurred in 79 patients (65.8 %) from group G; nuisance due to the catheter was only referred in 16 patients (13.3 %) from group B. 24 hours after surgery, Group G had 69 patients (57.5 %) in unsatisfactory analgesia level (p= 0.01). Conclusions: the method of regional anesthesia-analgesia by continuous brachial plexus block had lower incidence of complications in the immediate postoperative period and better quality of analgesia.

Palabras clave : brachial plexus blockade; postoperative.

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