Resumo

SANCHEZ GUTIERREZ, Marlén. The Bretton Wood Institutions over the Last Fifty Years: What has Changed?. Econ. y Desarrollo [online]. 2021, vol.165, n.2  Epub 09-Mar-2021. ISSN 0252-8584.

The purpose of this article is to review the history of the Bretton Wood Institutions, particularly over the last fifty years, in order to evaluate their performance, their capacity for readjustment and the effectiveness of their policies. The periodization proposed for the analysis responds to the major crises that these institutions have had to face and which, conveniently, have been grouped into three stages: the collapse of Bretton Woods in the 1970s and the debt crisis of the 1980s; the crisis of the 1990s and first half of the 2000s, characterized by the recurrence of crises in emerging markets; and the subprime crisis up to the present day. The idea is to identify commonalities and differences in the response capacity of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to these crisis episodes and to synthesize lessons learned.

Palavras-chave : international financial architecture; World Bank (WB); crisis; International Monetary Fund (IMF); reform.

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