Resumen

NOA-LIMA, Elizabeth et al. EVALUATION OF THE PRESENCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESIDUES IN MILK IN THE STATE OF JALISCO, MEXICO. Rev Salud Anim. [online]. 2009, vol.31, n.1, pp.29-33. ISSN 0253-570X.

The objective of this work was to determine the frequency of detection of some of the most frequently antimicrobials in raw and pasteurized milk in Jalisco, Mexico in one year. To this aim, a combination of the yogurt inhibition test as screening method was conducted simultaneously with the confirmation of the positive samples using Twin Sensor for b-lactam and tetracycline antibiotics and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography for sulfonamides, nitrofurans and chloramphenicol. From 264 tested samples, 26 (9.8%) gave positive results to the presence of antimicrobials. The largest percentage corresponded to pasteurized milk, with 20 (13.8 %) positive samples. In raw milk, the positive rate was lower (5%). August showed the overall highest percentage of contamination (27.3 %). From the 20 pasteurized milk samples analyzed, 6 contained b- lactam antibiotics, while only 2 of them were positive to tetracycline. Three raw milk samples were positive to b-lactam and other 3 to tetracycline residues. The 77 % of the positive samples to yogurt test contained at least 1 sulfonamide, identifying sulfamerazine as the most frequent. Both raw and pasteurized milk showed samples above the MRLs for sulfonamides. There were no positive samples to nitrofurans or chloramphenicol. It can be concluded that there is a problem with antimicrobial residues in milk for human consumption in the state of Jalisco, which violates the established Regulations concerning raw milk destined to human consumption.

Palabras clave : milk; antimicrobials; b-lactam; tetracyclines; sulfonamides; nitrofurans; chloramphenicol.

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