Resumo

GONZALEZ, Belkis Corona et al. Tendencies in diagnostic of bovine anaplasmosis. Rev Salud Anim. [online]. 2014, vol.36, n.2, pp. 73-79. ISSN 0253-570X.

Anaplasma marginale is a Rickettsia infecting mature erythrocytes of cattle, causing great economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions. The disease is characterized by a marked hemolytic anemia, weight loss, abortion and sometimes death. Animals, which recover from the acute phase of the disease, stay persistently infected and become reservoir for transmission to healthy animals. There is a need of more sensitive diagnostic techniques to be used in the international movement of livestock towards disease free areas, which allow the detection of carrier animals, as well as to determine the prevalence of the disease in tropical and subtropical regions. For anaplasmosis diagnostic, different techniques are used, among them, agent detection, Giemsa staining to blood smears, inoculation of splenectomized animals, which is the gold standard for diagnosing the disease and the molecular diagnostic methods, which are currently used for the international movement of livestock, because of their sensitivity and specificity. For the detection of antibodies, a complement fixation has been extensively used since a few decades. Card agglutination, indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA tests are the most commonly used for the detection of antibodies, but many of these techniques use crude antigens, contaminated with erythrocyte membranes, which results in a high number of false negatives when persistently infected animals are analyzed. Recent advances and development of new diagnostic methodologies can provide great benefits in improving the diagnostic of this entity. This study discusses the trends existing in the diagnostic of Anaplasma marginale.

Palavras-chave : Anaplasma marginale; diagnostic; ELISA; PCR.

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