Abstract

SCHETTINO-BERMUDEZ, Beatriz Sofía et al. Milk composition and fatty acid profile in goat milk from Guanajuato, Mexico. Rev Salud Anim. [online]. 2018, vol.40, n.2, e01. ISSN 0253-570X.

Guanajuato is one of the main goat milk production regions in Mexico, however, the information available of its fatty acid profile is very scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from four production units (UP), as well as their variations during the rainy and dry seasons under an intensive production system. The chemical composition and fatty acid profile were determined by infrared spectrophotometry and gas chromatography, respectively. The isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were separated by silver ion high performance liquid chromatography (Ag+HPLC). In three of the units (UP 1, 3 and 4), no significant differences (p>0.05) were found in the milk composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solids (TS) and non-fatty solids (NFS). The results of the milk samples showed no significant differences (p>0.05) in the milk composition of UP 1, 3 and 4, only (p<0.05) with respect to UP 2. The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration was higher in the UP 1 (0.41 ± 0.07 g 100 g-1) in relation to the rest of the units (0.29-0.37 g 100 g-1); the rumenic acid (RA, cis-9, trans-11 C18:2) was the major isomer of CLA (90 %). Furthermore, the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and CLA showed significant differences (p≤0.05) with respect to the seasonal variation. In the rainy season the unsaturated fatty acids increased. In the goat milk production system established in this region, a quality product is obtained in relation to its milk composition and fatty acid profile.

Keywords : chemical composition; fatty acids; CLA; goat; milk; Mexico.

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