Resumen

SOTO, F; HERNANDEZ, Naivy  y  PLANA, R. Influencia de la temperatura en la duración de las fases fenológicas del trigo harinero (Triticum aestivum ssp. aestivum) y triticale (X Triticum secale Wittmack) y su relación con el rendimiento. cultrop [online]. 2009, vol.30, n.3, pp.32-36. ISSN 0258-5936.

403 wheat lines, 107 out of them floury (Triticum aestivum ssp. Aestivum) and 296 triticale (X Triticum secale Wittmack) coming from CYMMYT were studied in the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA), at 138 m over sea level, with the objective of establishing the influence of temperature on the lengthening of different phenological phases and them, in turn, on yield. Wheat was seeded in December, 2001, except 44 floury lines that were also sown in January, 2002. Day length of each of the following phases was evaluated: emergency, tillering, first knot, leaf flag, arrowing, flowering, physiological maturity and harvest. Mean air temperature data were recorded at a closer meteorological station to the site, besides calculating the sum of cumulative temperatures in each phase. Lineal regressions were also calculated between day length of every phase (x) and yield (y). According to each line cycle length studied, they were divided into five groups, the end difference being of 30 days. Temperature influence on cycle length was verified, independently of the wheat species studied; significance of the vegetative phase length was proved to define yield, since high and significant coefficients of determination started from arrowing phase. The two wheat species required an accumulated temperature between 1800 and 2400oC to complete their biological cycle.

Palabras clave : wheat; phenology; yield; temperature.

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