Resumen

HERNANDEZ JIMENEZ, Alberto et al. Degradation Red Ferralitic lixiviated soils and indicators of the Red Valley Havana. cultrop [online]. 2013, vol.34, n.3, pp.45-51. ISSN 0258-5936.

In the last 20 years in the world, are paying ones paying attention to the problems related with the anthropogenic influence in changes of soil properties, principally at tropical regions for the intensive and continued agriculture use. These investigations are little gone aboard in Cuba, so that in this paper are presenting some results about this problem in Red Lixiviated Ferralitic soils (RLF). These soils occupy about to 150 000 hectares in old Havana province (now Mayabeque and Artemisa province), and they are one of the best agricultural soils of the country. However, they have been submitted during over two centuries to the agricultural exploitation, initially with cultivations like tobacco, sugar cane, coffee and at a later time with viands, grains and vegetables, with models in occasions of tall raw materials, most of all in 1975-1990’s period. Taking the above into account we had study the properties of 38 soils profiles of RFL soils in relation with to the use to which they have been subdued, grouping in pattern profiles (under wooded land of forests of over 40 years), preserved (under pasturelands or 20-30’s wooded lands years) and agrogenics (under permanent cultivation during a lot of years). The impacts in the biological activity of the soils and the decrease of the relative productivity of the agrogenic soils respect to the soil pattern were examined besides. Finally a series of indicators are proposed to the different type of soils (pattern, preserved and agrogenic) and is emphasized that the sostenibility of the soils in this ecosystem is given to maintain an adequate content in organic matter, than together with the contents and type of clay and the one iron content maintains a formation of a good structure in them.

Palabras clave : degradation; intensive agriculture; Cuba; soil organic matter.

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