Resumen

ALVAREZ GIL, Marta. Insect resistance in tomato (Solanum spp.). cultrop [online]. 2015, vol.36, n.2, pp.100-110. ISSN 0258-5936.

Most tomato cultivars are susceptible to a wide range of arthropod pests, which can cause significant losses, including complete destruction of the crop. The use of chemicals has had a negative impact on the environment, which has led the scientific community to assess the genetic resistance as a key element in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as a more durable and safe. Few results of genetic resistance to insects in the wild species of the genus Solanum and in particular, its introgration into cultivated tomato. This paper compiles the main findings regarding genetic resistances possessing wild species, which have been associated, in most cases, to the presence of glandular trichomes and the type of substance they store: type trichomes IV and VI present in S. habrochaites S. Knapp & DM Spooner and type IV glandular trichomes present in S. pennellii Correll and S.pimpinellifolium L. Besides the physical effect that could exercise the trichomes on insect behavior, the resistances are based primarily on the effect of antibiotic and antixenótico reserve compounds in trichomes. The three main groups of allelochemicals associated with these resistances are methylketones, sesquiterpenes and acilazúcares. In this paper we report the main sources of resistance to insect pests have been found in wild Solanum species. It also discusses the limitations and perspectives of introgression of insect resistance in tomato

Palabras clave : trichomes; antibiosis; antixenosis; pests; breeding.

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