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Toxicidad del Cadmio en las plantas y estrategias para disminuir sus efectos. Estudio de caso: El tomate


 
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Cultivos Tropicales

 ISSN 1819-4087

HERNANDEZ-BARANDA, Yenisei et al. Toxicidad del Cadmio en las plantas y estrategias para disminuir sus efectos. Estudio de caso: El tomate. []. , 40, 3   01--2019. ISSN 1819-4087.

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El cadmio (Cd) es uno de los metales pesados más tóxico. Su alta movilidad y poder bioacumulativo lo diferencian del resto de los de su grupo y motivan el interés de los científicos por conocer sus efectos e interacción con las plantas. En el presente trabajo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los principales mecanismos de entrada y transporte del Cd en las plantas y sus efectos tóxicos en las mismas. También, se abordan temas como, los mecanismos de defensa de las plantas ante el estrés por Cd y las estrategias existentes para disminuir su toxicidad. Dentro de los diferentes cultivos, el tomate resulta de especial interés, debido a que es la hortaliza más difundida en el mundo y ha mostrado ser una planta tolerante al Cd y con potencialidades para su acumulación.

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Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals. Its high mobility and bioaccumulative power differentiate it from the rest of its group and motivate the interest of scientists to know its effects and interaction with plants. In the present work, a bibliographic review of the main mechanisms of entry and transport of the Cd in the plants and their toxic effects in them was carried out. Also, issues such as the defense mechanisms of plants against Cd stress and existing strategies to reduce their toxicity are addressed. Within the different crops, tomato is of special interest, because it is the most widespread vegetable in the world and has been shown to be a plant tolerant to Cd and with potential for its accumulation.

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