Resumen

NOVAL-PONS, Blanca M. de la et al. Characterization of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with coconut cultivation in Baracoa. cultrop [online]. 2023, vol.44, n.1  Epub 01-Mar-2023. ISSN 1819-4087.

The 85 % of the national coconut production takes place in Baracoa, which is affected by the low availability of mineral fertilizers, which limits the obtaining of quality seedlings and the development of plantations. This geographical area is located in a Biosphere Reserve, Cuchillas del Toa, characterized by a high endemism, so it is a potential priority agricultural technology that allow its protection while increasing the productivity of the coconut tree. In order to have autochthonous strains with potential for use in the nutritional management of the coconut tree, the isolation and characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was carried out in four sites. A high abundance of AMF spores was found in Cabacú and Cane, while the lowest was in Playa Duana, with the highest percentage of species and morphotypes observed. A relative specificity of the Orders to which the characterized species and morphotypes belong in relation to the studied sites was observed. The results indicate that both the abundance and the species or morphotypes found depend on factors specific to each ecosystem, which determine the autochthonous community of AMF that is established. It is shown that despite the development of coconut cultivation in these sites, they constitute very well conserved ecosystems, mainly due to the few tasks and applications of fertilizers that are carried out, which preserves their ecological balance.

Palabras clave : Cocos nucifera; mycorrhizae; biodiversity.

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