Resumen

GARCIA CASTELLANOS, Tersilia et al. Phenotypic characterization of enterobacteria isolated from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/AIDS. Rev Cubana Med Trop [online]. 2013, vol.65, n.1, pp.66-77. ISSN 0375-0760.

Introduction: the risk of infections caused by enterobacteria increases in HIV patients. Objective: to phenotypically characterize the enterobacteria responsible for infections in these patients. Methods: a prospective and descriptive study was conducted in "Pedro Kourí" Institute from March 2010 to March 2011. Samples of sputum, bronchial lavage, pharyngeal, ear and vaginal secretions, urine, stool, skin lesions, blood and catheters taken from 65 patients (ambulatory and hospital) were processed. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of 73 isolates were determined by automated system VITEK 2 Compact (bioMérieux, France). Results: Escherichia coli (30), Klebsiella spp. (19), Enterobacter spp. (15), Proteus spp. (7) and Serratia spp. (2) were identified. Sepsis in hospitalized patients (87.7 %) was prevalent. Less than 50 % of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to cephalosporins, except Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. (68.4 % and 93.3 % resistance to cefepime and cefoxitin, respectively) and over 80% were sensitive to amykacin. Resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam and ciprofloxacin was observed in 27.3 % and 15 % of cases, respectively. In the study, 34.2 % of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases- producing strains was detected. Conclusions: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. often cause infections in HIV patients. The study of antimicrobial susceptibility by using VITEK 2 Compact system, suggests that cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones and piperacillin/tazobactam, could be effective therapeutic alternatives in these cases.

Palabras clave : HIV/AIDS patients; infection; Enterobacteriaceae; antimicrobial susceptibility; resistance phenotypes.

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