Abstract

ALVAREZ CRUZ, Adilys; TORANO PERAZA, Gilda  and  LLANES CABALLERO, Rafael. Vaginal and rectal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in pregnant women from Melena del Sur municipality in Cuba. Rev Cubana Med Trop [online]. 2014, vol.66, n.3, pp.415-423. ISSN 0375-0760.

Introduction: the impact of vaginal or rectal colonization by Streptococcus agalactiae or group B hemolytic streptococcus as risk factor for the development of early neonatal sepsis is still unknown in Cuba. Objective: to determine the prevalence of group B hemolytic streptococcus colonization of the vagina and the rectum among the pregnant women of the Melena del Sur municipality in Mayabeque province, Cuba. Methods: observational and cross-sectional study conducted from February to August 2011, which covered 120 pregnant women (35 to 37 weeks of gestation). Vaginal and rectal samples were taken to be cultured in ToodHewitt broth and grenade medium and the sensitivity and specificity of both culturing media were then calculated for recovery of Group B hemolytic streptococcus. The pregnant women were followed-up up to the delivery time so as to learn about the occurrence of risk factors for developing neonatal sepsis, the application of antibiotic prophylaxis intrapartum and the occurrence of cases of neonatal sepsis (type and progress). Results: the specificity of the grenade medium for Group B streptococcus was higher (94.57 %), but sensitivity was just 60.71 %. The combination of grenade medium plus Todd Hewitt broth allowed showing the Group B hemolytic streptococcus colonization in 27.5 % of pregnant women. It was then confirmed that prophylactic treatment was given to colonized pregnant women who presented with risk factors at the time of delivery and that there were just four neonatal sepsis cases, which stressed the value of this strategy in halting the vertical transmission.

Keywords : Streptococcus agalactiae; vaginal/rectal colonization; early neonatal sepsis.

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