Introduction:

Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by toxigenic strains of Vibrio choleare. The rapid dissemination and emergence of the multiresistance that characterizes this pathogen could interfere with the success of antimicrobial therapy, so it is a priority to monitor changes in susceptibility patterns, as a transcendental part of the resistance control policy antimicrobial.

Objective:

To determine the behavior of antimicrobial resistance against the antimicrobials of interest used in the treatment, the presence of enzymatic virulence factors and whether there is a relationship between them.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2012 to December 2015. Where 500 isolates belonging to the cepary of the National Reference Laboratory for Acute Diarrheal Diseases of the Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí", from outbreaks of EDA of the national network of Microbiology laboratories in Cuba. Conventional phenotypic methods were applied to determine the behavior of antimicrobial resistance, the presence of enzymatic factors and their relationship with antimicrobial resistance.

Results:

The highest percentages of sensitivity were obtained against azithromycin (98%), doxycycline (96%) and ciprofloxacin (93%) and resistance to ampicillin (100%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (99.4%). 44 isolated (8.8%) multi-resistant were found. All isolates had at least two extracellular enzymes as virulence factors, the most frequent: gelatinase (96%) and lecithinase (95%).

Conclusions:

There is a direct and proportional relationship between the presence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance, synergism that arises greater pathogenicity of the isolates studied from epidemic outbreaks.

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