Resumen

RIVERO JIMENEZ, René A. Anti-Rh (D) monoclonal autoantibodies: Antecedents and present state. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [online]. 2000, vol.16, n.1, pp. 30-37. ISSN 1561-2996.

Antecedents and present state of Anti-Rh (D) monoclonal antibodies (MAB) are described. Theses MAB have give rise to alternative way of production of non-dependent hemoclassifiers of deliberate immunization of humans, based on hybridomes technology. The MAB to D antigens are impossible to obtain in rodents because of low immunogenicity of this antigen in such species, but human B lymphocytes sensitized with positive Rh (D) red cells, may produce anti-Rh (D) antibodies in tissue culture after infection and cell transformation using Epstein Barr virus (EBV). Nevertheless, complexity of this obtention is in ciew of existence of individuals carriers of red cells with weak D phenotypes (D^u) showing an expression qualitatively minor of antigen, and partials D(variants of D) (category), where presentation of antigen may be incomplete, since they lack of one or more epitopes of "normal" D mosaic, which has more than 30. To obtain a proper specificity of a reagent based on MAB, this must recognize some of the commonest epitopes, and usually is prefered a mixture of class IgG and IgM antibodies. Thaks to the fact that there is a new generation of anti-RH (D) reagents, based on MAB, it was possible increase in ratio of individuals previously recognized as D^u, that at present time are grouped by hemagglutination direct tests as Rh (D) obviously positives

Palabras clave : ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; BLOOD GROUPS.

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