Resumen

MARSAN SUAREZ, Vianed et al. Chronic granulomatous disease. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [online]. 2014, vol.30, n.3, pp. 280-287. ISSN 0864-0289.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency with a defect of the phagocytosis process. A 13 year-old adolescent with recurrent life-threatening episodes since one month of birth is presented. The main clinical manifestations included diarrhea, stomatitis, cellulitis, lymphadenitis, pneumonia, granuloma formation, pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary and hepatic abscesses. Physical examination showed poor growth, hepatomegaly, adenopathies, hyperextension of extremities and chronic gingivitis. Immunological studies showed normal concentrations of immunoglobulins (Ig): IgM: 0,98 g/L (0,69 - 2,69 g/L), IgA: 2,76 g/L (1,58 - 3,94 g/L) and IgE: 11,70 UI/mL ( < 50 UI/ml), C3 and C4 (1,28 g/L (0,9 - 1,7 g/L) and 0,30 g/L (0,2 - 0,4 g/L), respectively, and hypergammaglobulinemia of 17,2 g/L (7,81 - 15,30 g/L). Lymphocytes count T CD3, CD4 and CD8 positive were normal: 62 % (52 - 78 %), 45 % (25 - 48 %) y 15 % (9 - 35 %) and B lymphocytes count was also normal: 24 % (8 - 24 %). Opsonophagocytic index was normal at time 15 and 60 minutes: 35 % (22,99 - 53,95 %) and 12,50 % (6,63 - 28,43 %), respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed with negative nitroblue tetrazolium test . Treatment with antibiotics, fungistats, as well as gamma interferon contributed to a favorable response, presenting a lower amount of infectious episodes as well as a recovery of weight and height. Early diagnosis and treatment of CGD has improved prognosis and reduced patients´ morbidity and mortality.

Palabras clave : primary immunodeficiency; chronic granulomatous disease; recurrent infections.

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