Introduction:

T he consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection have become primary objectives of global research, due to insufficient results on the effects of this infection over time, especially in patients with immunodeficiencies.

Objective:

To characterize the lymphocyte immunophenotype in Cuban patients convalescents from COVID-19 with a history of immunodeficiency.

Methods:

An analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out at the National Center for Medical Genetics, Havana, Cuba, which included 10 convalescents with a history of immunodeficiencies and 241 without a diagnosis of immunodeficiencies. The subpopulations of B lymphocyte (CD19+), T lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+, CD3+ CD8+) and natural killer cells (NK, CD3-CD56+) were quantified using flow cytometry (Beckman Coulter Gallios). Percentage values and absolute were analyzed using the Z test for comparing proportions and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. In all cases, p<0.05 was shown as the level of statistical significance.

Results:

3.98% of the convalescents had a diagnosis of immunodeficiency with a predominance of antibody defects (90%). The percentage of natural killer cells (U=655.0; p=0.0145) and absolute count (U=729.0; p=0.0344) were lower in convalescents with immunodeficiency compared to those who did not have this condition.

Conclusions:

Cuban COVID-19 convalescents with a history of immunodeficiencies presented alterations in the lymphocyte immunophenotype, which predispose them to develop complications related to the immune system.

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