Resumen

VANEGAS A., Juan Carlos; LANDINEZ P, Nancy S.  y  GARZON-ALVARADO, Diego A.. Basic principles of bone-dental implant interphase. Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd [online]. 2009, vol.28, n.3, pp.130-146. ISSN 0864-0300.

A dental implant is a biomaterial device inserted in the jaw bone to replace the root of a tooth. The osseointegration is the direct, stable and functional connection between the dental implant and the new bone formed around it. The formation of this new bone depends on cell migration, proliferation and differentiation processes carried out in the so-called bone-dental implant interface. In this article we present an overview of the bone-dental implant interface from the biological description of the alveolar bone and the characteristics of the dental implant. The aim is to obtain the main aspects of the bone-dental implant interface from the review of the available literature in dental implants that considers the mayor breakthroughs leading to a better tissue healing process in terms of implant design and surface. It is concluded that the biology of bone tissue, the implant characteristics, the physiological media and the mechanical forcers all are involved in the consolidation of the bone-dental implant interface and its osseointegration.

Palabras clave : bone-implant interface; alveolar bone; dental implant; surface topography; osseointegration; biocompatibility.

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