Introduction:

Anatomic-physiological and biomolecular studies of the gallbladder have made it possible to redefine its function not only as a reservoir for bile secretion, but also as intestinal protector. This concept is supported by its capacity to control the bioactivity and toxicology of bile acids, cholesterol metabolism, phospholipids and other components of hepatobiliary secretion.

Objective:

Present an update on the role of the gallbladder as reservoir and protector of the digestive tract intended for general surgeons, gastroenterologists, clinicians and physiologists to broaden their knowledge about the functions of the gallbladder.

Methods:

A critical review was conducted of the functions of the gallbladder which facilitate maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal wall.

Conclusion:

The updated description of the functions of the gallbladder is a relevant contribution to the conceptual framework of its protective function, which ensures the maintenance of the integrity of the epithelium and the intestinal microbiota.

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