Resumen

PENALVER HERNANDEZ, Enrique; DUENAS HERRERA, Alfredo; DIESTE SANCHEZ, Waldo  y  NORDET CARDONA, Porfirio. Influencia de los factores de riesgo coronario en la incidencia de cardiopatía isquémica. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [online]. 1999, vol.15, n.4, pp. 368-371. ISSN 1561-3038.

A survey on cardiovascular diseases and coronary risk factors was done among 1080 workers from "Ñico López" Refinery, in Havana City. This survey was repeated 5 years later (answering rate of 95,6 %) aimed at knowing the incidence of ischemic heart disease and its relationship with the presence of coronary risk factors in the first survey. Average age was 39,8 years old (in a range from 19 to 69 years old). 83,3 % were males. The total incidence of ischemic heart disease during the studied period was 6,5 % with an annual incidence of 1,3 %. A higher incidence of this disease was observed in those individuals who at the beginnig were carriers of some coronary risk factor. The incidence of ischemic heart disease among those who did not have any risk factor during the 5-year period was 2,1 %; however, it was 33 % in hypertensive, 16,1 % in obese persons, 8,7 % in diabetics, and 6,9 % in smokers. The relative risks for the different factors were: 15,7 for arterial hypertension, 7,6 for obesity, 4,1 for diabetes mellitus, and 3,3 for smoking habit. It was 1,0 for those with no risk factors. The relationship existing between the presence of the risk factor and the development of ischemic heart disease was proven. If we eliminate these risk factors the possibility of suffering from ischemic cardiopathy will decrease considerably. The family physician may contribute to this end.

Palabras clave : MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA [epidemiology]; RISK FACTORS; OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE; PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.

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