Resumo

CRUZ HERNANDEZ, Jeddú et al. Neonatal macrosomy in pregnancy complicated with diabetes. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [online]. 2008, vol.24, n.3. ISSN 0864-2125.

An observational analytical case-control study was carried out aimed at determining the frequency of neonatal macrosomy and at identifying its connection with the metabolic control degree, gestational age at which diabetes mellitus was diagnosed, the body mass index at the beginning of gestation, as well as its impact on maternal and perinatal morbidity in pregnancy complicated with diabetes. 279 diabetic pregnants (33 pregestational and 256 gestational) were studied. All of them gave birth a live newborn from 2003 to 2006, when they received attention at the Service of Diabetes and Pregnancy of "América Arias" Gynecoobstetric Hospital. The population was divided into 2 big groups: the diabetics that had a macrosomic newborn and those who did not (261 and 28 pregnants, respectively). The following variables were analyzed: gestational age at which diabetes melitus was diagnosed (only among the pregnant diabetics), body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy, metabolic control degree, presence of polyhydramnios, type of delivery and Apgar score of the infant on the first minute and on the fifth minute. The frequency of neonatal macrosomy was 9.6 %. 25 % of the diabetic expectants with macrosomic offspring had a poor metabolic control, 64.2 % were overweight, 10.7 % had polyhidramnios, and 96.4 % underwent cesarean. In the specific case of the gestational diabetics with macrosomic children, 84 % were diagnosed late. No low Apgar score was found in the group of macrosomic neonates.

Palavras-chave : Neonatal macrosomy; gestational diabetes.

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