Abstract

MORENO MORA, Roberto  and  PEREZ DIAZ, Carmen. Retardation in the neurodevelopment of children in Old Havana. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [online]. 2008, vol.24, n.3. ISSN 0864-2125.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate a program directed to children with neurodevelopment retardation. METHODS: a retrospective analytical case-control study was conducted at the neurodevelopment department of Old Havana. The universe and the sample were composed of 170 patients with neurodevelopment retardation from 2000 to 2006. A study group that was made up of 52 low weight children with retardation of the psychomotor development, and a control group that consisted of 118 normoweight children with retardation of the psychomotor development were selected at random. They were evaluated by an interdisciplinary team and they had a quarterly follow-up. They were applied integral, physiatric, psychomotor, logopedic and home stimulation. Stimulation programs such as Isidoro Candell, Bobath and Vojta were used. RESULTS: the study group presented the lowest percent of middle educational level (42.31 %) and the highest percent of non-exclusive breastfeeding (20.08 %). It also had hypertony (10.91 %), behavior disorders (10.91 %) and epilepsy-Down syndrome (3.64 %). In the study group, the motor evaluation in the normal category increased to 59 %. The study group showed the highest percent of aggravated evolution (12 %), whereas the control group presented a higher percent of favorable evolution (39 %). CONCLUSIONS: the motor sphere had a more positive response than the mental sphere, and the aggravated evolution was related to low weight children with psychomotor retardation, though in general the evolution of the children stimulated in our program had a trend towards a favorable and improved evolution.

Keywords : Early community stimulation; neurodevelopment retardation; low weight; normoweight; evolution.

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