Resumen

ALFONSO ORTA, Ismary; JIMENEZ LOPEZ, Giset; CHAO CARDESO, Ashley  y  AVILA PEREZ, Jenny. The metoclopramide and its adverse reactions on the nervous central system. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [online]. 2011, vol.27, n.2, pp.197-206. ISSN 0864-2125.

Introduction: metoclopramide from 2000 to 2006 years became the drug with higher frequency of association with late dyskinesia seen. In a analysis carried out by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) it is noticed that the 20 % of patients with a prescription of metoclopramide use it drug for more than 3 months. Objective: to characterize the adverse reactions reported of metoclopramide and its relation to the notification of a late dyskinesia in our country. Methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study related to pharmacosurveillance using the method of spontaneous notification of reports on drug adverse reactions and the database of the National Coordination Unit of Pharmacosurveillance. Authors analyzed all reports of drug adverse react ions from 2003 to 2008 from all country. Results: a total of 1 119 notifications of drug adverse reactions. The organic system more involved were the central nervous system (43,2 %) followed by the cardiovascular one (14,2 %). There was predominance of probable drug adverse reactions (73,6 %) and slights (51,7 %), a 0,4 % accounted for severe adverse reactions, whereas the more frequent were: extrapyramidal syndrome (29,0 %), dizziness (18,2 %) and shaking (9,9 %). The predominant temporary sequence between the occurrence of adverse reaction and drug ingestion was in hours (53,8 %). Conclusions: it was evidenced that children and elderly populations show a great relation with the predominance of drug adverse reactions of central nervous system, however, the adult population must not to be excluded, since more than a half of above mentioned reported reactions were in this age group. That system was the more involved even though there was not a link with high doses. The reported dyskinesias may be classified as early or acute and the adverse reactions predominant were the slight and probable ones.

Palabras clave : Metoclopramide adverse reactions; pharmacosurveillance, Cuba; undesirable effects of central nervous system.