Introduction:

A congenital malformation is a structural alteration of an organ or part of it, which happens as a consequence of an alteration during morphogenesis and may correspond to minor or major, unique, multiple or isolated defects.

Objective:

To characterize, clinically and epidemiologically, the congenital defects of the genitourinary tract.

Methods:

A retrospective observational study was carried out in 453 fetuses diagnosed with a congenital defect of the genitourinary tract by using two-dimensional ultrasound. For this, we considered the maternal and gestational ages at diagnosis, personal and family history of clinical genetic interest, and therapeutic behavior according to medical criteria. The data was processed using the program Microsoft Excel 2010, applying the percentage method and the results presented in tables.

Results:

75.27% of the anomalies occurred in pregnant women with maternal ages between 20 and 34 years. 62.6% of the defects were diagnosed at second trimester of pregnancy, with a predominance of the male sex in the studied fetuses. Pyelocaliectasis (27.3%) was the main cause of initial evaluation, followed by hydronephrosis (26.2%). There was a correlation between the definitive ultrasound diagnosis and the outcome of the autopsy. The follow-up cases did not present any complications and only nine pregnant women presented a previous interruption due to genitourinary defects.

Conclusions:

A progressive increase in the diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract was verified for years of study. Bilateral pyelocaliectasis was the main cause of initial evaluation.

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