Introduction:

The controversy generated by a scientific article coauthored by Chat GPT and a human has sparked international debates on artificial intelligence, with some countries such as Italy, where its use has been rejected at the national level. Meanwhile, UNESCO has taken a conciliatory stance, regulating its use in higher education and establishing ethical guidelines. Although artificial intelligence is transforming teaching, concerns persist about its impact on students' ability to think critically and argue.

Objective:

To expose the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence in higher education.

Methods:

An exploratory systematic review was conducted, using Web of Science and Scopus as source base in English language, of papers published between 2018 and 2023, from the perspective of Fernandez et al.

Results:

From the content analysis of the selected sources, three themes were identified: artificial intelligence in higher education, the benefits of using it in higher education, and the disadvantages of its implementation in higher education.

Conclusions:

It was determined that the use of tools based on artificial intelligence, for example, Chat GPT, are useful and novel, as they combine current technology with global information and, according to preestablished guidelines, it is capable of providing informed and up-to-date answers on a wide range of topics. However, it is critical to ensure that human interaction remains an essential part of education.

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