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Revista Cubana de Oftalmología

versión impresa ISSN 0864-2176versión On-line ISSN 1561-3070

Resumen

MIGUEL PEREZ, Ileana. Study on ocular traumas . Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2004, vol.17, n.1. ISSN 0864-2176.

A retrospective longitudinal study of patients with mechanical ocular traumas hospitalized in "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto" Higher Institute of Military Medicine was conducted from 1988 to 2002.There was a casuistics of 508 eyes from 479 patients. The statistical processing was carried out with the same automated program (Access) with which the data base was created, acccording to the characteristics of the variables b analyzed with parametric and nonparametric statistical methods with a reliability of 95 % (a=0.05). A ratio 4:1 of predominance of males was obtained, with an average age of 27.4 years old with a minimum value of 2 years old and a maximum of 78 years old. The most frequent mechanisms of production of the accident were firearms (22.7 %) and the action of hammering (21.4 %), taking into account that 38.3 % of the patients were military men The most frequent injuries associated with traumas were hyphema and hemovitreous and it was proved that as they were higher the final visual acuity decreases consideraby. The closed traumas (41.3 %) were more common and had better final visual results (66.7 % with vision over 0.1) than the rest of the open traumas (simple wound, contusion-wound, wound with CEIO and contusion-wound with CEIO). The contusions-wounds with CEIO were mostly caused by firearms and had the worst visual results (60.5 % with vison under 0.1). The affectation of the posterior segment proved to be an element that influenced significantly on the visual results. The most frequent complications for closed traumas were secondary hypertension, cataract and retina detachment; cataract for simple wounds; and retina detachment and ptisis bulbi for the rest of the traumas. Approximately, 15 % of the combined open traumas had loss of the bulbus oculi. Radical surgery (evisceration) was only performed in 1.4 % of the closed traumas

Palabras clave : Ocular trauma [eyes]; accidents [injuries]; complications [retina].

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