Resumen

LLERENA DIAZ, Alejandrina Yamila  y  PEREZ RODRIGUEZ, Antonio E.. Main ophthalmologic diseases in Guanes municipality, Pinar del Río province. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2010, vol.23, n.1, pp. 122-135. ISSN 1561-3070.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the global and specific prevalence of cataract, diabetic retinopathy, pterygium, glaucoma and senile macular degeneration in the population and to characterize their prevalence according to some variables of epidemiological interest as well as to measure the association of some risk factors to the occurrence of these diseases. METHODS: An analytical observational study was conducted in 29 313 inhabitants aged over 5 years in Guanes municipality, Pinar del Rio province, from April 17th to August 17th, 2006. Multivariate logistic regression with relative risk (RR) higher than 2 as significant association sample was used. Data were taken from customized clinical-epidemiological surveys and from the existing database of the province. RESULTS: In this study, 81,1% of the general population was surveyed and examined; 4 720 people of this amount presented with at least one of the studied diseases, for a prevalence rate of 16,1 x 100 pop. Of the main eye diseases under study, cataract and pterygium were the most prevailing, accounting for 7,12 and 5,93 per 100 pop. respectively. Seventy out of 100 persons aged over 65 years had at least one of the mentioned ocular diseases, yielding a prevalence rate of 69,76. CONCLUSIONS: the general prevalence was 16,1 per 100 pop. Cataract and pterygium were the most frequent diseases. The most affected districts were Combate de Tenerías, Punta de la Sierra and Los Portales. The age of over 45 years was the risk factor with the most significant association with occurrence of cataract, macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. However, pterygium and glaucoma did not show any association with the analyzed risk factors. Race and sex did not show any difference regarding the five studied diseases.

Palabras clave : Cataract; pterygium; macular degeneration; glaucoma; diabetic retinopathy.

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