Resumen

CASTRO PEREZ, Pedro Daniel et al. Epidemiology and rehabilitation of retinopathy of prematurity in the low vision Service. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2010, vol.23, n.1, pp. 156-168. ISSN 1561-3070.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the situation of retinopathy of prematurity, to determine the most common refractive disorders as well as the most used optical aids in visual rehabilitation and to evaluate the achieved visual outcomes. METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted in patients with retinopathy of prematurity seen at the Low Vision Service of "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology in the 2005-2007 period. The study variables were sex, race, gestational age, birth weight, duration of oxygen, stage of retinopathy of prematurity, complications, treatment, optical aid, refractive disorders and visual outcomes. RESULTS: Our study found that retinopathy of prematurity was more frequent in males; race contributed the highest number of patients, the most relevant risk factors were prematurity under 32 weeks, low birth weight under 1 500g, respiratory distress and oxygen administration; the highest number of cases occurred in staging 3, the most frequent refractive defect was myopia, the most used optical aids were conventional correction (glasses) for far sight and microscopes for near sight. A high percentage of patients benefited from the low vision rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the high percentage of patients who benefit from low vision rehabilitation and confirmed the results achieved in other research studies. The conventional correction (standard glasses) was the most used optical aid for far distance sight. The microscope was the most representative optical aid for near sight in our study group.

Palabras clave : retinopathy of prematurity; low vision; rehabilitation; optical aids.

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