Resumen

MOLINA MARTIN, Julio César et al. Clinical and anatomical characterization of patients with idiopathic macular hole. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2010, vol.23, n.2, pp.219-228. ISSN 0864-2176.

OBJECTIVE: To make a clinical and anatomic characterization of the patients with Idiopathic macular hole at "Ramón Pando Ferrer", Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology during 2006 and 2007. METHODS: The universe of study was 60 eyes of 30 patients diagnosed with Idiopathic Macular Hole at different stages, who met the inclusion criteria. The patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination that included indirect ophthalmoscopy, posterior pole biomicroscopy, an Amsler test, the light projection test and the optical coherence tomography on both eyes. RESULTS: The females, aged 61-70 years were the most affected; 30 % of the cases were bilateral, and the Idiopathic Macular Hole at stage 4 was the most often found, although 7 patients had a stage 0, diagnosed by optical coherence tomography on the contralateral eye. All the patients with disease stage above 1b had metamorphopsia as shown by the Amsler grid. The complete defect of the neurosensorial retina at the fovea and the intrarretinal cysts were the most frequent qualitative abnormalities revealed by optical coherence tomography. It was found a direct correlation between the visual acuity and the foveolar retinal thickness, with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The optical coherence tomography and an accurate clinical evaluation are essential for the appropriate assessment and management of these patients.

Palabras clave : Retinal perforations; optical coherence tomography; OCT.

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