Resumen

MIJENEZ VILLATE, Olga Beatriz et al. Ocular risk factors and the surgeon's experience to manage complications in the cataract surgery. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2014, vol.27, n.2, pp.203-211. ISSN 0864-2176.

Objective: to determine the influence of ocular risk factors and the surgeon's experience on complications affecting 158 patients operated on for cataract at the Ophthalmologic Center in Holguin from April to October, 2010. Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study in which variables such as age, sex, ocular risk factors, immediate transoperative and postoperative complications related to risk factors and the surgeon's experience were analyzed. Results: the 70-79 years-old group prevailed with 38,6 %, and the females accounted for 58,8 % in the group. The most frequent risk factors were the maturity and hypermaturity of the crystalline lens in 51,2 % of cases. The transoperative complication that mostly affected the patients was the rupture of the posterior capsule with vitreous loss in 8,2 % of cases, associated with maturity of the crystalline lens and the small pupil. The corneal edema represented the predominant immediate postoperative complication in 6,3 % of cases, due to insufficient pupil and mature cataract. The complications were more frequent in surgeries performed by residents in 15,8 % of patients. Conclusions: operating cataracts at maturity and hypermaturity stages due to insufficient pupils meant higher risk of the posterior capsule rupture with or without vitreous loss and of corneal edema. Cataract surgery in patients with ocular risk factors was proner to complications when they are performed by residents or by ophthalmologists with less training and experience in this field.

Palabras clave : risk factors; cataract; complications.

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