Resumen

GRAN ALVAREZ, Miriam A  y  LOPEZ NISTAL, Libia M. El descenso de la natalidad en cuba. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [online]. 2003, vol.29, n.2, pp.132-138. ISSN 0864-3466.

The most important aspects of demographic transition in Cuba are the slow growth of the population and the significant reduction of fecundity. This latter and the population aging are the main current demographic problems. The birth indicators obtained from the systems of statistical information of the country, according to variables of time, space and living conditions, are analyzed. The birth rate descended from 27,7, in 1970, to 12.4, in 2001. The fecundity rate per 1 000 inhabitants decreased 27 % between 1990 and 2001. The gross reproduction rate is under 1 since 1970. The female population at the ages of greatest fecundity dropped in the last 10 years. In the municipalities, the discreetly high birth rates corresponded to those with moderately favorable or less favorable living conditions. The family size desired is small. The frequency of induced abortion descended but the menstrual regulations increased. The use of knwoledge of the contraception practice is elevated. The fecundity behavior agrees with the present cultural patterns of reproduction that include to have a few children at an older age. In the socioeconomic sphere, the incorporation of women to the working activity and their higher educational level are influencing factors. Low fecundity contribnutes directly to the population aging. The causes of this decrease are found in a complex scheme where the sociocultural pattern makes difficult the reversibility of the situation. The living conditions differential does not produce important variations

Palabras clave : BIRTH RATE; BIRTH STATISTICS; DEMOGRAPHIC AGING.

        · resumen en Español     · texto en Español     · Español ( pdf )