Resumen

TORRES VIDAL, Rosa M  y  GRAN ALVAREZ, Miriam A. Panorama de salud de la mujer cubana. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [online]. 2003, vol.29, n.3, pp.198-208. ISSN 0864-3466.

This paper is aimed at offering an updated panorama based on the statistical data of the demographic characteristics and of the reproductive and general health of women. An analysis of the statistical information produced by the official systems of statistical information and by the complementary surverys done by the Ministry of Public Health is presented. It was observed an increase of aging among women from 1990 to 2001. In 2001, 14.4 % of the total of women were over 60. Natality maintained a descending trend, 12.4 per 1 000 inhabitants in 2001, whereas general fecundity had 26.4 % of reduction in the last 11 years. There was a coverage of 72.1 % with contraceptives based on modern methods. Induced abortions per 1 000 women aged 12-49 dropped from 45,6 to 21.2 between 1990 and 1991. The rates of menstrual regulations during the same period rose. Mortality has not modified its causes during the last years. Heart diseases, malignant tumors, cerebrovascular disease, inlfuenza and pneumonia, and accidents are the first five. Maternal mortality kept its low levels. The frequency of HIV seropositivity was 18.7 % of the total, in 2001, but there was an increase in the number of cases. The health indicators analized in Cuban women were in correspondance with those of the total population and no gender disadvantage was detected. The rise of mortality in the last years due to trachea, bronchus and lung cancer was associated with risk factors, specially with the increase of smoking in women. The main cause of death in adolescents and youth is in the group of violences, where traffic accidents should be considerably reduced

Palabras clave : WOMENS HEALTH SERVICES; FERTILITY MORTALITY; CUBA.

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