Abstract

DOCAMPO SANTALO, Lourdes; SANTANA SERRANO, Caridad; GARCES RAMENTOS, María Francisca  and  TORRES PEREZ, Leonor. Acute nutritional energetic alteration in children under five years. AMC [online]. 2011, vol.15, n.2, pp.299-311. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: children’s malnutrition is a great magnitude problem in the world; Cuba does not exempt from this health problems although is the only country of Latin America and the Caribbean in which primary chronic malnutrition does not exist anymore. Objective: to characterize the acute nutritional energetic alteration in the Polyclinic Francisco Peña Peña of Nuevitas municipality from 2007 to 2008. Method: an analytic study, case control was accomplished, of a universe of 1820 children under five years, the sample was constituted by 120 children, of them 40 were selected with acute malnutrition, an equal number of slims and by stratified sampling an equal number of eutrophic, that constituted the control group. They all were nutritionally classified according to percentile tables used in Cuba.  Results: The affected girls surpassed in proportion 2:1 fundamentally in children under two years. More than a clinical sign was frequent, parasitism as associate disease, serumal iron numbers did not surpass the 8,9mmol/l, around the half of patients were delayed in the tooth bud, the ossification of carpus delayed a quarter and 16 children showed psychomotor growth retardation, some children of control group also presented retardation in dental development and in the power of speech. Conclusions: The most frequent alterations were acute malnutrition in girls under two years, with more than a clinical and hematological sign, as well as difficulties in psychomotor growth, delay in tooth bud and ossification of carpus.

Keywords : ENERGY MALNUTRITION; CHILD; INTESTITAL DISEASES PARASITIC; CASE-CONTROL STUDIE.

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